Morning or Evening? Unraveling the different impact of morning and evening Vitamin D3 supplemention on lipid metabolism

Vitamin D(VitD), as a fat-soluble vitamin, is widely involved in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and immune regulation in the body. In recent years, research has shown that VitD plays a significant role in lipid metabolism-related diseases such as obesity and diabetes. The synthesis, transport, storage, breakdown, and metabolism of lipids in the body are regulated by the circadian rhythm to maintain energy balance at different times. Studies have indicated that the biological effects of VitD are not only related to the amount of intake but also affected by the timing of supplementation. The daily fluctuations in VitD levels influence the dynamic changes in lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of circadian rhythm genes. Therefore, supplementation at different times may have different biological effects on the body.

Based on this, the present study systematically investigates the time-dependent effects of morning and evening VitD₃ intervention on lipid metabolism and explores its potential regulatory mechanisms using a multi-level approach. First, the energy metabolism parameters of mice will be dynamically monitored using a respiratory metabolic measurement system to reveal the impact of morning and evening VitD₃ intervention on the circadian variation of energy metabolism. Second, high-resolution lipidomics analysis will be conducted to systematically evaluate the metabolic remodeling of key lipid molecules in liver following morning and evening VitD₃ intervention. Finally, real-time quantitative PCR will be used to analyze the expression changes of lipid metabolism-related genes, further uncovering the regulatory mechanisms of morning and evening VitD₃ intervention on lipid metabolism. This study provides scientific support for optimizing VitD₃ supplementation strategies and its application in metabolic disease interventions.